Compounds studied in mitochondrial biology and cellular senescence models – inner-membrane chemistry, mitochondrial-derived signaling, redox handling and the senescence-associated pathways examined in cultured cells.
SS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide whose alternating aromatic-cationic motif drives accumulation at the inner membrane, where it is characterized for cardiolipin binding. MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA region, studied in AMPK-related signaling work. FOXO4-DRI is a D-retro-inverso cell-penetrating peptide used in FOXO4-p53 interaction assays in senescent cell models. NAD+ is listed here as a coenzyme reference material rather than a peptide – nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide – supplied for metabolic and sirtuin-pathway studies.
D-amino-acid and retro-inverso constructs behave differently from their L-forms in protease-containing media, which is usually the reason a laboratory chooses them. Purity is verified by RP-HPLC and stated per product. Supplied as laboratory reference materials for in-vitro research use only.
References to biological pathways on this page are included strictly for literature indexing and experimental context. No representations are made about any effect in humans or animals.
